Complete Morphology Of Permanent Maxillary lateral incisors

Lateral Incisor

 Maxillary lateral inisors are two in numbers and next to central incisors,these are smaller than central incisors. Maxillary lateral incisor shows greater variations  in morhpology

Labial view

It looks like trapezoid in shape labially

Lingual view

Trapezoid in appearance 

Mesial Aspect 

Proximal aspect of permanant maxillary lateral incisor is triangular or wedge shaped.

        Labial out line is less convex than that of  central incisor.

        Lingual out line is like central incisor convex  gingivally with crest of curvature at cingulum,concave in middle (lingual fossa) slightly convex at incisal edge.

Distal Aspect

Incisal aspect 

Root 

A: labial view

B: linguL view

C: mesial view

D: distal view

Tooth morphology of maxillary central incisor

Morphology describes the shape and form of teeth.

There are two sets of teeth in human beings

1: deciduous teeth(milk teeth)

2:permanent (adualt teeth)

 According to shape and functions 4 types of teeth present in mouth

1:incisors 

2:canines 

3:premolars

4:molars 

Teeth are arranged in two arches,upper and lower.

Upper arch named Maxillary arch 

Lower arch  named mandibular  arch 

Each  arch holds 16 teeth out of 32 teeth 

Each arch  is divided into two  Quardrants by midline plan

 Incisors  

      Morphology  of central incisors

          These are towards midline and only teeth having mesial to mesial contact of two central incisors, all other teeth have contact points with mesial of one tooth and distal side of adjascent tooth .

From facial /lingual view crown  is trapazoid and from proximal view it lookslike a Wedge.mosioincisol angle is more square and disto incisol angle is round

Zygomatic bone_A to Z structural detail and morphology

Do you know how many Facial bones are there

Easy discription of anatomy of upper limb

Anatomical terminology

Terminology
              Is a general word for group of spacilized words relating to a particular field. Or
        It is a system of terms relating to a particular subject.
 Anatomical terminology
               It is form of a scientific terminology used by anatomist,doctors and zoologist.
It is related to anatomical structures of human and animal bodies.

•      Terms usually used are

  1:Anatomical position

          - body erect
           - head,eyes,toes directed forward
            - limbs at side of body
             - palms directed
               forward
2:prone position
                When the body is lying in anatomical position with face downward
3:supine position
                  When body lying with face up in anatomical position
4: Median plan
                    Vertical plane passing through center of body dividing it into 2 equal halves right and left
5: sagittal plane
                       Vertical plane a parallel to median plane also called paramedian plane
6: coronal plane
                          vertical plane seperates the body into anterior and posterior parts
7: horizontal plane
                         Parallel to floor,perpendicular to coronal and median plane ,separate the body into superior and inferior parts
8: anterior/ventral
                           closer to anterior surface of body
9: posterior/dorsal
                             closer to posterior surface of  body
10: superior/ cranial
               Closer to head
11: inferior/ caudal
                Closer to feet
12:superficial
                  Closer to surface of body
13: deep
             Away from surface
14: proximal
               Closer to root of limbs
15: distal
               Furaway from root of limbs
16: external
                Out side of a hollow structure
17: internal
                 Inside of a hollow structure
18: medial
                   Close to midline
19: lateral
                  Away from midline

Ghazwa Hind

Forensic dentistry / definition/evidence based dentistry

forensic dentistry is a specialty that relates dental evidence to investigation.

forensic dental services are of value both in death investigations and in clinical forensic
medicine for evaluation of living victoms of sexual assault , child abuse and other domestic violence cases.

the durability of human dentition and ability of teeth to survive decomposition makes dental evidence most reliable efficient and accurate method of identification.It is also cost effective and less time consuming are added advantages of forensic dentistry.
Personal identification

As teeth are very resistant to damage by fire ,crashes and explosions the can be very useful for following

ldentification of multilated ,burnt/charred,decomposed or skeletonized human remains( ie when usual identification methods like finger prints and visual recognition is not feasible).

Identification of human remains from mass disasters(eg airplane crashes,natural disasters,wars,terrorist attacks).

analysis of facial injuries in cases of suspected battery.

Analysis of identification of bite marks(ie sex crimes,homicides,other type of crimes.

Gujrat Pakistan

Gujrat the major city of province Punjab is 20th largest city of Pakistan.

It is located in between two famous rivers jehlum and chenab.In northwest Jhelum river separates it from dist jhelum and oneast and southeast it is seperated by river chenab from sialkot and Gujranwala
It is bounded in west by Mandibahuadin and on northeast by Mirpoor.
 It is located beside  grand trunk (GT) road and railway track directly conected it to other cities of Pakistan.
 Along with nearby cities of Gujrenwala and Sialkot  Gujrat forms so called golden triangle of indrustial cities with export oriented economies.
ITS fertile soil produces rice and sugercane
Gujrat is famous for its hand made pottery  and world class ferniture,footwareand handi crafts.Gujrat has also attained a name in export of electric fans and many other electric goods.
  A great honour of Gujrat is  Raja AzizBhattiShaheed ,major ShabirSharifand Major Muhammod Akram shaheed"recipient of Nishan-e-Haider: belongs to village of dist Gujrat.other famous personalities belonging to Gujrat are Alum lohar,Arif lohar(folk singers),Anwer Masood(poet),Raheel shareef(ex army chief and many well known politicions.

Intersting facts of our body

Human body is wonderful creation of Allah It has perfect mechanism of function with number of regulatory systems and organs working together.

Do you know skin is the largest organ of body and makes 15% of your weight.

When you brush your teeth aggressivly it wears off enamel of teeth which results in sensitivity of teeth.

Cracking sounds of your knuckles come from gas bubbles bursting in your joints

Subscribe chanel top facts and know about intersting facts of our body and many other informative videos  availbe here on this channel

A burning sensation,impacted wisdom tooth

We say tooth is impacted when it fails to erupt( visible and come to its position in mouth) or partially erupt.It hapens mostly with wisdom teeth.there are four wisdom teeth in mouth 2 in upper jaw and 2 in lower jaw.Reasons of impactions are different like small jaw size,lack of space hard and thick gums over it and wrong direction of development of tooth.
Symptoms are pain  ,swelling in gums behind last tooth,difficulty in opening of mouth,difficulty in chewing ,headche and swelling in neck on effected side.
Treatment is hot saline gargles,pain killers and antibiotics to control infection and in most cases extraction (removal) of wisdom tooth.